James lawrence powell biography of albert einstein

James L. Powell

American geologist and writer (born )

James Lawrence Powell (born July 17, ) is an American geologist, writer, former college president and museum director. He chaired the geology department at Oberlin College later serving as its provost and president. Powell also served as president of Franklin & Marshall College as well as Reed College.

Following his positions in higher education, Powell presided over the Franklin Institute and the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles.

Powell served 12 years on the National Science Board and recently retired as executive director of Graduate Fellowships for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Diversity.[1]

His book, Night Comes to the Cretaceous, explores the scientific debate regarding dinosaur extinction.

In Four Revolutions in the Earth Sciences, Powell addresses dinosaur extinction in addition to three other scientific debates: deep time, continental drift and global warming.

Powell has posited that the scientific consensus on global warming nears universality and he actively counters climate change denialism in his research and other publications.

Education

Powell earned a BA degree in from Berea College, a private liberal arts college located in Powell's home town of Berea, Kentucky. Powell then received a PhD in Geochemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in [2]

Career

Powell began his career at Oberlin College in where he held the position of chair of the geology department from to He became the associate dean of arts and science in , then vice president and provost in [2] After serving two years as a visiting administrator at Stanford University, Powell returned to Oberlin to serve as its acting president from to [3]

Following a year career at Oberlin, Powell served as president of Franklin and Marshall College from to ,[4] then president of Reed College from to [5] Powell left academia to preside over the Franklin Institute (–)[6] followed by the National History Museum of Los Angeles (–).[7] Since , Powell has been serving as the executive director of the National Physical Science Consortium.[5][8]

Powell served 12 years on the National Science Board first appointed by Ronald Reagan in and serving as its vice chair in [9]

Committee for Skeptical Inquiry

In , Powell was named a fellow for the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry.[10] He resigned in March in protest against the publication of an article in Skeptical Inquirer by CSI fellow Mark Boslough regarding the Bunch et al.

Tall el-Hammam airburst paper,[11][12], which had been based on research funded by the Comet Research Group (CRG) and authored primarily by its members. He stated that it "violates nearly every tenet of proper skepticism" as defined by CSICOP and CSI, citing CSI-co-founder and executive council member Ray Hyman.[13]

On February 15, , the following editor's note was posted on the Bunch et al.

paper: "Readers are alerted that concerns raised about the data presented and the conclusions of this article are being considered by the Editors. A further editorial response will follow the resolution of these issues."[14]

Debate on climate change consensus

Powell has researched the scientific consensus view of anthropogenic global warming (AGW) in a series of studies evaluating the peer-reviewed literature.

In , Powell reviewed 13, peer-reviewed publications between and with "global warming" or "global climate change" as keywords. Evaluating this dataset, Powell showed a % scientific consensus view supporting AGW.[17][18] In , Powell duplicated this method on articles published during and In this set, Powell found a % consensus "verging on unanimity" by the scientific community.[19]

While agreeing that the consensus on AGW is high, other scientists argued ca that the consensus is closer to 97%.[20][21] The debate centers around the selection of scientific papers identified as supporting AGW and therefore included in the study.[22] For example, in their study, Cook et al.

excluded % of the papers examined because the abstracts did not endorse AGW either explicitly or implicitly.[20] Powell reviewed the abstracts of hundreds of articles on plate tectonics, evolution, and impact cratering to show that scientists almost never directly affirm the ruling paradigm of their discipline.

On that basis, Powell included papers in the study as long as the abstracts did not explicitly reject AGW.[19]

Powell has further argued that the extent of the scientific consensus is important.

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    • In The Consensus on Anthropogenic Warming Matters Powell argues that the "stronger the public believe the consensus to be, the more they support the action on global warming that human society so desperately needs." This metastudy included 54, publications from five earlier studies by Powell and others demonstrating that the scientific consensus on AGW is %.[23]

    In November , Powell published "Scientists Reach % Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming."[24] He reviewed over 11, peer-reviewed articles published in the first seven months of but found none that rejected anthropogenic global warming.

    Views and scientific activism

    Powell has encouraged scientists to do more than publish in scientific journals. "I think it’s time for scientists to get up from the lab bench and speak out." Concerning the consequences of global warming, Powell said: "I want my grandchildren to be able to say he did something. He tried to do something."[25]

    There is no scientific debate regarding the existence of AGW according to Powell.

    Through his research and other publications Powell has criticized politicians and others who defy the scientific consensus by denying AGW. [25][19][26]

    In a editorial, Powell urged the university presidents of Brown University and Harvard University to change course by divesting their institutions from fossil fuels.[27] A New York Times editorial co-authored by Powell and Michael E.

    Mann recommended that the American Museum of Natural History remove Rebekah Mercer from their board as her family foundation supported climate change denialism.[28]

    In a self-published book,[29] Powell defended the controversial Younger Dryas impact hypothesis which has been rejected by the mainstream scientific community.

    In he published a paper in the journal Scientific Progress, writing that this scientific rejection was premature.[30] His concerns have been critiqued in a comprehensive review of the literature on this subject.[31]

    Recognition

    Powell is the recipient of several honorary degrees.

    Oberlin College awarded Powell an honorary doctorate of science in The Tohoku Gakuin University of Japan honored Powell with a Doctor of Humane Letters in Beaver College and Berea College (his alma mater) have also honored Powell with honorary degrees.[2][32]

    The minor planet, Powell, discovered by Carolyn Shoemaker, was named for Powell in [33]

    Books

    • Powell, James Lawrence ().

      Biography of albert einstein summary His book, Night Comes to the Cretaceous , explores the scientific debate regarding dinosaur extinction. In both Nazi eugenics and Stalinist agriculture, governments subverted science to politics, costing many lives. Lysenko was personally responsible for the imprisonment and death by malnutrition of the great Soviet biologist Nikolai Vavilov. Powell earned a BA degree in from Berea College , a private liberal arts college located in Powell's home town of Berea, Kentucky.

      Night Comes to the Cretaceous: Dinosaur Extinction and the Transformation of Modern Geology. W.H. Freeman. ISBN&#;.

    • Powell, James Lawrence (). Grand Canyon: Solving Earth's Grandest Puzzle. Penguin Group (USA) Incorporated. ISBN&#;.
    • Powell, James Lawrence (). Dead Pool: Lake Powell, Global Warming, and the Future of Water in the West.

      Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN&#;.

    • Powell, James Lawrence (). The Inquisition of Climate Science]. Columbia University Press. ISBN&#;.
    • Powell, James Lawrence (b). An Oral History of the Great Warming. J.L. Powell. OCLC&#;
    • Powell, James Lawrence ().

      Four Revolutions in the Earth Sciences: From Heresy to Truth. Columbia University Press. ISBN&#;.

    • Scott, Thomas R.; Powell, James L. (). The Universe as it Really Is: Earth, Space, Matter, and Time. Columbia University Press. ISBN&#;.
    • Powell, James Lawrence (). Deadly Voyager: The Ancient Comet Strike that Changed Earth and Human History.

      James Lawrence Powell. ISBN&#;. (Amazon Kindle book)

    • Powell, James Lawrence (). Unlocking the Moon's Secrets: From Galileo to Giant Impact. Oxford University Press. ISBN

    References

    1. ^Graduate Fellowships for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Diversity
    2. ^ abcNemeh, Katherine ().

      American Men & Women of Science: A Biographical Directory of Today's Leaders in Physical, Biological and Related Sciences (32nd ed., vol. 5&#;ed.). Gale Virtual Reference Library.

      James lawrence powell biography of albert einstein scientist James Lawrence Powell born July 17, is an American geologist , writer, former college president and museum director. Humanity, the unlikely product of uncountable coincidences on unimaginable scales, inhabits a tumultuous universe that extends from our immediate environs to the most distant galaxies and beyond. But who does not like astronomy? Physics, and its practice through engineering, dominated the twentieth century, from the Panama Canal in its second decade, through the Manhattan Project in its fifth, the space program in its seventh, the Global Positioning System in its ninth, and the continuing revolution in communications.

      p.&#; Retrieved 1 February

    3. ^"History of Oberlin Presidents". Oberlin College. Retrieved 1 February
    4. ^"Presidents of Franklin and Marshall College and its Predecessor Institutions, present". Franklin & Marshall College Library. Archived from the original on 10 January Retrieved 4 February
    5. ^ ab"Presidents of Reed".

      Reed College. Retrieved 4 February

    6. ^Anderson, Susan Heller (30 March ). "Chronicle". New York Times. Retrieved 4 February
    7. ^Hernandez, Sandra (April 24, ). "Natural History Museum Names New Head". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 4 February
    8. ^"James Powell Bio".

      James Powell.

      James lawrence powell biography of albert einstein for kids In , Powell reviewed 13, peer-reviewed publications between and with "global warming" or "global climate change" as keywords. Many arcane scientific terms come alive when set in their historical context, and I offer those etymologies when possible. PMID ISBN

      Retrieved 4 February

    9. ^"Former Board Members". National Science Foundation. Retrieved 4 February
    10. ^"Ten Distinguished Scientists and Scholars Named Fellows of Committee for Skeptical Inquiry". Skeptical Inquirer. 39 (6). Archived from the original on October 16,
    11. ^Boslough, Mark (January ).

      "Sodom Meteor Strike Claims Should Be Taken with a Pillar of Salt: A controversial, widely publicized paper claiming that a cosmic impact destroyed a biblical city has had key images photoshopped and rotated to fit the biblical hypothesis". Skeptical Inquirer. 46 (1). New York City: Committee for Skeptical Inquiry: 10– ISSN&#; Wikidata&#;Q

    12. ^Bunch, Ted E.; LeCompte, Malcolm A.; Adedeji, A.

      Victor; Wittke, James H.; Burleigh, T. David; Hermes, Robert E.; et&#;al. (20 September ). "A Tunguska sized airburst destroyed Tall el-Hammam a Middle Bronze Age city in the Jordan Valley near the Dead Sea"(PDF). Scientific Reports. 11 (1): BibcodeNatSRB.

      Biography of thomas alva edison: Retrieved 15 November Purges sent his opponents to prison, some to the executioner. James L. Again, let us probe a Crichton claim.

      doi/S ISSN&#; PMC&#; PMID&#; Wikidata&#;Q(erratum)

    13. ^Lawrence Powell, James (). "Powell CSI Resignation". Archived from the original on Retrieved
    14. ^Kincaid, Ellie (February 21, ). "Journal investigating Sodom comet paper for data problems". Retraction Watch. Retrieved February 27,
    15. ^Cook, John; Oreskes, Naomi; Doran, Peter T.; Anderegg, William R.

      L.; et&#;al. (). "Consensus on consensus: a synthesis of consensus estimates on human-caused global warming". Environmental Research Letters. 11 (4): BibcodeERLdC. doi//11/4/ hdl/dacce7-addca6.

    16. ^Powell, James Lawrence (20 November ). "Scientists Reach % Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming".

      Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society. 37 (4): – doi/ S2CID&#; Retrieved 15 November

    17. ^Plait, Phil (11 December ). "Why Climate Change Denial Is Just Hot Air". Slate. Retrieved 4 February
    18. ^Sheppard, Kate (1 December ). "CHART: Only Percent of Peer-Reviewed Papers Question Global Warming".

      Mother Jones. Retrieved 4 February

    19. ^ abcPowell, James Lawrence (). "Climate Scientists Virtually Unanimous: Anthropogenic Global Warming Is True". Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society. 35 (5–6): – doi/
    20. ^ abCook, John; Nuccitelli, Dana; Green, Sarah; Richardson, Mark; Winkler, Bärbel; Painting, Rob; Way, Robert; Jacobs, Peter; Skuce, Andrew (15 May ).

      "Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature". Environmental Research Letters.

    21. Biography of thomas alva edison
    22. James lawrence powell biography of albert einstein in english
    23. Biography of albert einstein pdf

      24. 8 (2): BibcodeERLbC. doi//8/2/

    24. ^Anderegg, William; Prall, James; Harold, Jacob; Schneider, Stephen (6 July ). "Expert credibility in climate change". PNAS. (27): – BibcodePNASA. doi/pnas PMC&#; PMID&#;
    25. ^Skuce, Andrew; Cook, John; Richardson, Mark; Winkler, Bärbel; Rice, Ken; Green, Sarah; Jacobs, Peter; Nuccitelli, Dana (2 May ).

      "Does It Matter if the Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming Is 97% or %?". Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society. 36 (3): – doi/ S2CID&#;

    26. ^Powell, James Lawrence (). "The Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming Matters". Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society.

      36 (3): – doi/ S2CID&#;

    27. ^Powell, J. (). Scientists Reach % Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society.
    28. ^ abPowell, James Lawrence (). "James Lawrence Powell: What did Grandpa Do on Earth Day, ?". Big Think.

      Retrieved 4 February

    29. ^Abrams, Lindsay (24 March ). "10, out of 10, scientific articles agree: Global warming is happening, and humans are to blame".

      James lawrence powell biography of albert einstein After Hansen criticized a presentation that Monckton was to make to the Kentucky state legislature, Monckton wrote the head of NASA accusing Hansen of having financial ties to Al Gore and demanding an investigation. But the similarities are not superficial. Forgot your password? Retrieved 4 February

      Salon. Retrieved 9 February

    30. ^Powell, James Lawrence (29 January ). "Harvard and Brown Fail on Climate". The Nation. Retrieved 5 February
    31. ^Powell, James; Mann, Michael E. (February 5, ). "Rebekah Mercer Puts a Museum's Credibility at Risk". New York Times. Retrieved 5 February
    32. ^Powell, James Lawrence ().

      Deadly Voyager: The Ancient Comet Strike that Changed Earth and Human History. James Lawrence Powell. ISBN&#;.

    33. ^Powell, James Lawrence (January–March ). "Premature rejection in science: The case of the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis". Science Progress. (1): 1– doi/ PMC&#; PMID&#;
    34. ^Holliday, Vance T.; Daulton, Tyrone L.; Bartlein, Patrick J.; Boslough, Mark B.; Breslawski, Ryan P.; Fisher, Abigail E.; Jorgeson, Ian A.; Scott, Andrew C.; Koeberl, Christian; Marlon, Jennifer; Severinghaus, Jeffrey; Petaev, Michail I.; Claeys, Philippe ().

      "Comprehensive refutation of the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis (YDIH)". Earth-Science Reviews. : doi/rev

    35. ^Bradley, James. "Honorary Degrees". Berea College Hutchins Library. Retrieved 5 February
    36. ^"() Powell = SH7 = AS1". Minor Planet Center.

      IAU. Retrieved 5 February

    External links